07.12.2024

Guidance for making a bow

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LanguageGutob
SpeakerSonia Badnaik
Place of residenceHanumal village, Lamtaput block, Koraput district
RecordingA. Krylova, E. Renkovskaya, Hanumal, December 2018, wav
TranslationSonia Badnaik, A. Krylova
GlossesE. Renkovskaya
GenreNarrative on traditional activities

Sonia, a Gutob speaker from Hanumal, tells about construction of a traditional bamboo bow, which is the most favorite sportive and hunting tool of Gutob youths.

1. enu actually nejnu gutob boʔ nej eken onbak ɖiʔtonej

We Gutob call it bow

enuactuallynej-nugutobboʔnejekenonbakɖiʔ-to-nej
itwe-GENGutobLOCweitbowspeak-HAB-1PL

2. mioʔ aʔal bon ɖiʔke riŋtonej

we bring bamboo from the forest

mioʔ   aʔal bonɖiʔkeriŋ-to-nej
wellbambooforestABLbring-HAB-1PL

3. bon ɖiʔke riŋoʔnu pore

after bringing from the forest

bonɖiʔkeriŋ-oʔ-nupore
forestABLbring-ACT.PST-GENafter

4. eken maŋ ɖemtonej lunaʔ buɽoŋ laʔtonej lunaʔ buɽoŋ laoʔsu

What do we do? We whittle it with an axe, after whittling with an axe

eken maŋɖem-to-nejlunaʔ buɽoŋlaʔ-to-nej lunaʔ buɽoŋla-oʔ-su
itwhatdo-HAB-1PLaxeCOMITwhittle-HAB-1PLaxeCOMITwhittle-ACT.PST-CVB

5. tιrgi oriŋ buɽoŋ saiz ɖemoʔ oleʔtonej

then we make the proper size with a sickle, we fit it up

tιrgi    oriŋbuɽoŋsaiz (size)ɖem-oʔo-leʔ-to-nej 
thensickleCOMITsizemake-ACT.PSTCAUS-sit-HAB-1PL

6. oleʔnu pore poti lai sa (je…) aʔal ɖiʔke o

after fitting it up a bowstring made also of bamboo

o-leʔ-nu  porepoti laisa(je…)aʔal  ɖiʔkeo
CAUS-sit-GENafterbowstring (D)ACCalsobambooABLalso

7. eken soru ɖemoʔsu patla ɖemoʔsu eken (ne) oleʔoʔsu mioʔ torek

We make it thin and slim, after fitting it up too, once

eken        soruɖem-oʔ-supatlaɖem-oʔ-sueken (ne)oleʔ-oʔ-sumioʔtorek
thisthin (D)make-PST-CVBslimmake-PST-CVBthisCAUS-sit-ACT.PST-CVBwellonce

8. maŋ ɖemtonej orɖi gortonej orɖi goroʔsu eken

What do we do? We make a circular cut, and after cutting

maŋ   ɖem-to-nejorɖigor-to-nejorɖigor-oʔ-sueken
Whatdo-HAB-1PLringscratch-HAB-1PLringscratch-ACT.PST-CVBthis

9. geʔ buɽoŋ toltonej

we tie it with a rope

geʔbuɽoŋtol-to-nej
ropeCOMITtie-HAB-1PL

10. toloʔnu pore enu poti ɖeŋgu mioʔ enu

after tying it becomes bowstring

tol-oʔ-nu poreenu    potiɖeŋ-gumioʔenu
tie-PST-GENafterthisbowstringbecome-MID.PSTwellthis

11. pura onbak tijar ɖeŋgu ui

The whole bow is ready

pura    onbaktijarɖeŋ-guui
whole (D)bowready (D)become-MID.PSTAUX (go)

12. (un ta) tunu pore maŋ ɖemtonej mioʔ mɯiroʔ enu sa

After that, what do we do? This one also

(un ta)    tu-nuporemaŋɖem-to-nejmioʔmɯiroʔenu sa
thatafterwhatdo-HAB-1PLwellonethisalso

13. oʔom ɖiʔtonej eken oʔom ɖiʔtonej

We call it arrow, call it arrow

oʔom ɖiʔ-to-nejekenoʔom ɖiʔ-to-nej
arrowsay-HAB-1PLthisarrowsay-HAB-1PL

14. tu eken maŋ ɖiʔtonej enu miʔenka aʔal miʔenka tu

What do we call? It is a little bamboo, a little one

tu    ekenmaŋɖiʔ-to-nejenumiʔen-kaaʔalmiʔen-katu    
thatthiswhatsay-HAB-1PLthislittle-EMPHbamboolittle-EMPHthat

15. khari lai riŋoʔsu eken baŋti tiŋti ɖuguna sa

We bring sticks, even if they are hooked

khari   lairiŋ-oʔ-suekenbaŋti    tiŋtiɖu-gu-nasa
stickACCbring-ACT.PST-CVBthishookedREDbe-MID.PST-CONDalso

16. suŋol lagasu sekasu

making fire, kilning it

suŋol laga-su seka-su
firemake-CVBkiln-CVB

17. ɖon igtaŋ lagasu sekasu siɖha ɖemtonej siɖha ɖemoʔnu pore

After adding manure we kiln it and make it straight. After making straight

ɖonigtaŋ      laga-suseka-susiɖhaɖem-to-nejsiɖhaɖem-oʔ-nupore
andmanureadd-CVBkiln-CVBstraightmake-HAB-1PLstraightmake-ACT.PST-GENafter

18. e oʔom lai maŋ ɖemtonej suŋol boʔ gegeboʔsu bobluoʔsu

What do we do with this arrow? We kiln it in fire, prepare it

e        oʔomlaimaŋɖem-to-nejsuŋol boʔge-geb-oʔ-sub-ob-lu-oʔ-su
thisarrowACCwhatdo-HAB-1PLfireLOCkiln-RED-ACT.PST-CVBprepare-CAUS-prepare-ACT.PST-CVB

19. eken beɖeitonej beɖeioʔnu pore

We gouge a hole, after gouging a hole

eken  beɖei-to-nejbeɖei-oʔ-nupore
thisgouge_a_hole-HAB-1PLgouge_a_hole-ACT.PST-GENafter

20. soman beɖeigunu pore nej maŋ ɖemtonej

after gouging equal holes, what do we do?

soman    beɖei-gu-nuporenejmaŋɖem-to-nej
samegouge_a_hole-MID.PST-GENafterwewhatdo-HAB-1PL

21. kosa ɖiʔoʔsu mɯiroʔ bon boʔ mileito

So-called silk fiber is sometimes found in the forest

kosa    ɖiʔ-oʔ-sumɯiroʔbonboʔmilei-to
silk_fibersay-ACT.PST-CVBoneforestLOCmeet-HAB

22. tu kosanu o geʔ boʔ eken pura ɖemoʔsu

We entirely make that silk fiber on that rope

tu kosa-nuo  geʔboʔekenpuraɖem-oʔ-su 
thatsilk_fiber-GENthatropeLOCthatwholemake-ACT.PST-CVB

23. oʔom lai bonatonej bonanu pore

We make an arrow, after making

oʔomlaibona-to-nej    bona-nu pore
arrowACCmake(D)-HAB-1PLmakeD)-GENafter

24. tιrgi kuruŋ siɖha arija ɖesu eken maŋ ɖemtonej

Then, till it becomes straight, what do we do?

tιrgi    kuruŋsiɖhaar-ij-aɖe-sueken  maŋɖem-to-nej
latersidestraightNEG-go-NEG.NPSTbecome-CVBthiswhat do-HAB-1PL

25. munjur bile uraʔna gisiŋ bile buɽoŋ pateitonej

we fletch it with a peacock feather, or if we don’t have it, then a hen feather

munjur    bileuraʔ-nagisiŋbilebuɽoŋpatei-to-nej
peacockfeatherNEG.COP-CONDhenfeatherCOMITfletch-HAB-1PL

26. pateioʔsu eken pura puri babre oʔom tijar ɖemtonej

After fletching, we finish the whole arrow

patei-oʔ-su  ekenpurapuri bab-reoʔom       tijarɖem-to-nej
fletch-ACT.PST-CVBthisallwholeway-LOC(D)arrowready (D)make-HAB-1PL

27. oʔom tijar ɖemoʔ maŋta tιrgi maŋ ɖemtonej eken

We finish the arrow, what do we do later?

oʔom       tijarɖem-oʔmaŋtatιrgi    maŋɖem-to-nejeken
arrowreadydo-ACT.PSTwhatafterwhatdo-HAB-1PLthis

28. maŋta tiŋtiŋ ɖeʔna juz (use) ɖemtonej nej

We use it for shooting

maŋta   tiŋ-tiŋɖeʔnajuz (use)ɖem-to-nejnej
whatshoot-REDQUOTuse (E)do-HAB-1PLwe

29. itoʔ ɖemosu juz (use) ɖemtonej eken tιrgi

We make it this way, and then use it

itoʔ   ɖemo-sujuz (use)ɖem-to-nejekentιrgi    
this_waydo-CVBusedo-HAB-1PLthislater