Guidance for making a bow

Language	Gutob
Speaker	Sonia Badnaik
Place of residence	Hanumal village, Lamtaput block, Koraput district
Recording	A. Krylova, E. Renkovskaya, Hanumal, December 2018, wav
Translation	Sonia Badnaik, A. Krylova
Glosses	E. Renkovskaya
Genre	Narrative on traditional activities

Sonia, a Gutob speaker from Hanumal, tells about construction of a traditional bamboo bow, which is the most favorite sportive and hunting tool of Gutob youths.

1. enu actually nejnu gutob boʔ nej eken onbak ɖiʔtonej

We Gutob call it bow

enu	actually	nej-nu	gutob	boʔ	nej	eken	onbak	ɖiʔ-to-nej
it		we-GEN	Gutob	LOC	we	it	bow	speak-HAB-1PL

2. mioʔ aʔal bon ɖiʔke riŋtonej

we bring bamboo from the forest

mioʔ	aʔal	bon	ɖiʔke	riŋ-to-nej
well	bamboo	forest	ABL	bring-HAB-1PL

3. bon ɖiʔke riŋoʔnu pore

after bringing from the forest

bon	ɖiʔke	riŋ-oʔ-nu	pore
forest	ABL	bring-ACT.PST-GEN	after

4. eken maŋ ɖemtonej lunaʔ buɽoŋ laʔtonej lunaʔ buɽoŋ laoʔsu

What do we do? We whittle it with an axe, after whittling with an axe

eken	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej	lunaʔ	buɽoŋ	laʔ-to-nej	lunaʔ	buɽoŋ	la-oʔ-su
it	what	do-HAB-1PL	axe	COMIT	whittle-HAB-1PL	axe	COMIT	whittle-ACT.PST-CVB

5. tιrgi oriŋ buɽoŋ saiz ɖemoʔ oleʔtonej

then we make the proper size with a sickle, we fit it up

tιrgi	oriŋ	buɽoŋ	saiz (size)	ɖem-oʔ	o-leʔ-to-nej
then	sickle	COMIT	size	make-ACT.PST	CAUS-sit-HAB-1PL

6. oleʔnu pore poti lai sa (je…) aʔal ɖiʔke o

after fitting it up a bowstring made also of bamboo

o-leʔ-nu	pore	poti	lai	sa	(je…)	aʔal	ɖiʔke	o
CAUS-sit-GEN	after	bowstring (D)	ACC	also		bamboo	ABL	also

7. eken soru ɖemoʔsu patla ɖemoʔsu eken (ne) oleʔoʔsu mioʔ torek

We make it thin and slim, after fitting it up too, once

eken	soru	ɖem-oʔ-su	patla	ɖem-oʔ-su	eken (ne)	oleʔ-oʔ-su	mioʔ	torek
this	thin (D)	make-PST-CVB	slim	make-PST-CVB	this	CAUS-sit-ACT.PST-CVB	well	once

8. maŋ ɖemtonej orɖi gortonej orɖi goroʔsu eken

What do we do? We make a circular cut, and after cutting

maŋ	ɖem-to-nej	orɖi	gor-to-nej	orɖi	gor-oʔ-su	eken
What	do-HAB-1PL	ring	scratch-HAB-1PL	ring	scratch-ACT.PST-CVB	this

9. geʔ buɽoŋ toltonej

we tie it with a rope

geʔ	buɽoŋ	tol-to-nej
rope	COMIT	tie-HAB-1PL

10. toloʔnu pore enu poti ɖeŋgu mioʔ enu

after tying it becomes bowstring

tol-oʔ-nu	pore	enu	poti	ɖeŋ-gu	mioʔ	enu
tie-PST-GEN	after	this	bowstring	become-MID.PST	well	this

11. pura onbak tijar ɖeŋgu ui

The whole bow is ready

pura	onbak	tijar	ɖeŋ-gu	ui
whole (D)	bow	ready (D)	become-MID.PST	AUX (go)

12. (un ta) tunu pore maŋ ɖemtonej mioʔ mɯiroʔ enu sa

After that, what do we do? This one also

(un ta)	tu-nu	pore	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej	mioʔ	mɯiroʔ	enu	sa
	that	after	what	do-HAB-1PL	well	one	this	also

13. oʔom ɖiʔtonej eken oʔom ɖiʔtonej

We call it arrow, call it arrow

oʔom	ɖiʔ-to-nej	eken	oʔom	ɖiʔ-to-nej
arrow	say-HAB-1PL	this	arrow	say-HAB-1PL

14. tu eken maŋ ɖiʔtonej enu miʔenka aʔal miʔenka tu

What do we call? It is a little bamboo, a little one

tu	eken	maŋ	ɖiʔ-to-nej	enu	miʔen-ka	aʔal	miʔen-ka	tu
that	this	what	say-HAB-1PL	this	little-EMPH	bamboo	little-EMPH	that

15. khari lai riŋoʔsu eken baŋti tiŋti ɖuguna sa

We bring sticks, even if they are hooked

khari	lai	riŋ-oʔ-su	eken	baŋti	tiŋti	ɖu-gu-na	sa
stick	ACC	bring-ACT.PST-CVB	this	hooked	RED	be-MID.PST-COND	also

16. suŋol lagasu sekasu

making fire, kilning it

suŋol	laga-su	seka-su
fire	make-CVB	kiln-CVB

17. ɖon igtaŋ lagasu sekasu siɖha ɖemtonej siɖha ɖemoʔnu pore

After adding manure we kiln it and make it straight. After making straight

ɖon	igtaŋ	laga-su	seka-su	siɖha	ɖem-to-nej	siɖha	ɖem-oʔ-nu	pore
and	manure	add-CVB	kiln-CVB	straight	make-HAB-1PL	straight	make-ACT.PST-GEN	after

18. e oʔom lai maŋ ɖemtonej suŋol boʔ gegeboʔsu bobluoʔsu

What do we do with this arrow? We kiln it in fire, prepare it

e	oʔom	lai	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej	suŋol	boʔ	ge-geb-oʔ-su	b-ob-lu-oʔ-su
this	arrow	ACC	what	do-HAB-1PL	fire	LOC	kiln-RED-ACT.PST-CVB	prepare-CAUS-prepare-ACT.PST-CVB

19. eken beɖeitonej beɖeioʔnu pore

We gouge a hole, after gouging a hole

eken	beɖei-to-nej	beɖei-oʔ-nu	pore
this	gouge_a_hole-HAB-1PL	gouge_a_hole-ACT.PST-GEN	after

20. soman beɖeigunu pore nej maŋ ɖemtonej

after gouging equal holes, what do we do?

soman	beɖei-gu-nu	pore	nej	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej
same	gouge_a_hole-MID.PST-GEN	after	we	what	do-HAB-1PL

21. kosa ɖiʔoʔsu mɯiroʔ bon boʔ mileito

So-called silk fiber is sometimes found in the forest

kosa	ɖiʔ-oʔ-su	mɯiroʔ	bon	boʔ	milei-to
silk_fiber	say-ACT.PST-CVB	one	forest	LOC	meet-HAB

22. tu kosanu o geʔ boʔ eken pura ɖemoʔsu

We entirely make that silk fiber on that rope

tu	kosa-nu	o	geʔ	boʔ	eken	pura	ɖem-oʔ-su
that	silk_fiber-GEN	that	rope	LOC	that	whole	make-ACT.PST-CVB

23. oʔom lai bonatonej bonanu pore

We make an arrow, after making

oʔom	lai	bona-to-nej	bona-nu	pore
arrow	ACC	make(D)-HAB-1PL	makeD)-GEN	after

24. tιrgi kuruŋ siɖha arija ɖesu eken maŋ ɖemtonej

Then, till it becomes straight, what do we do?

tιrgi	kuruŋ	siɖha	ar-ij-a	ɖe-su	eken	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej
later	side	straight	NEG-go-NEG.NPST	become-CVB	this	what	do-HAB-1PL

25. munjur bile uraʔna gisiŋ bile buɽoŋ pateitonej

we fletch it with a peacock feather, or if we don’t have it, then a hen feather

munjur	bile	uraʔ-na	gisiŋ	bile	buɽoŋ	patei-to-nej
peacock	feather	NEG.COP-COND	hen	feather	COMIT	fletch-HAB-1PL

26. pateioʔsu eken pura puri babre oʔom tijar ɖemtonej

After fletching, we finish the whole arrow

patei-oʔ-su	eken	pura	puri	bab-re	oʔom	tijar	ɖem-to-nej
fletch-ACT.PST-CVB	this	all	whole	way-LOC(D)	arrow	ready (D)	make-HAB-1PL

27. oʔom tijar ɖemoʔ maŋta tιrgi maŋ ɖemtonej eken

We finish the arrow, what do we do later?

oʔom	tijar	ɖem-oʔ	maŋta	tιrgi	maŋ	ɖem-to-nej	eken
arrow	ready	do-ACT.PST	what	after	what	do-HAB-1PL	this

28. maŋta tiŋtiŋ ɖeʔna juz (use) ɖemtonej nej

We use it for shooting

maŋta	tiŋ-tiŋ	ɖeʔna	juz (use)	ɖem-to-nej	nej
what	shoot-RED	QUOT	use (E)	do-HAB-1PL	we

29. itoʔ ɖemosu juz (use) ɖemtonej eken tιrgi

We make it this way, and then use it

itoʔ	ɖemo-su	juz (use)	ɖem-to-nej	eken	tιrgi
this_way	do-CVB	use	do-HAB-1PL	this	later